Mechanical vibrator



March 3, 1959 D. e. WYSONG 3 MECHANICAL VIBRATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 5, 1957 March 3, 1959 D. G. WYSONG 2,875,988

' MECHANICAL VIBRATOR 2 SheetsSheec 2 Filed Sept. 5, 195'? United States Patent Q 2,875,988 MECHANICAL VIBRATOR Donald G. Wysong, Dayton, Ohio, assignor to Price Brothers Co., Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Michigan This invention relates to a mechanical vibrator and more particularly to a vibrator. for use in vibrating sand, poured concrete mix prior to setting and other materials which require considerable power in the form of relatively high frequencies at substantial amplitudes. While the invention will be described in connection with vibrating or tamping wet cement mix, it will be understood that this use is exemplary. It has been found that a concrete mix may be tamped to provide a dense concrete by impressing on the concrete vibrations up to 10,000 or 12,000 cycles or more per minute. Such mechanical vibrations are difficult to generate and the life of any rotatable parts subject to vibration is relatively short. For this reason it is desirable that a vibrator be mechanically simple and compact and have a minimum of parts.

In accordance with the present invention, a vibrator mechanism is provided which is mechanically simple and which has only two bearings requiring care or replacement. The new mechanism is economical to manufacture and is sufiiciently flexible so that it may be used in a wide variety of locations and under a wide variety of conditions.

In order that the invention may be fully understood,

exemplary embodiments will be described with the understanding that variations may be made without departing from the scope of the invention except as defined by the appended claims. In-the drawing, Figure 1 is a side View of a vibrator embodying the present invention.

Figure 2 is an end view'looking from line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a section along broken line 3-3 of Figure 4.

Figure 4 is an end view along line 4-4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a section along line 55 of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a section along line 6-6 of Figure 3.

Figure 7 is a detail of a part of a rotor.

Figure 8 is a side view with certain parts broken away of a modified form of rotor.

The vibrator comprises circular casing 10 having end plates 11 and 12. Circular casing 10 is of steel and has a heavy wall such as for example of the order of about one inch. The casing may have an inside diameter of the order of about 5 or 6 inches for application to concrete. These dimensions are exemplary and may be varied.

Casing 10 has inside surface 14 extending for a substantial portion of the length, inside surface 14 being cutout at 15 to provide an inner stepped face having a larger diameter at one end of the casing. Surfaces 14 and 15 meet at circular edge 16. I

Casing 10 has end faces 18 and 19. Disposed against end face 18 is end plate 11. Correspondingly end plate 12 is disposed against end face 19. The end plates and easing are maintained in assembled position by a plurality of stud bolts 21 passing through suitable apertures in the end plates and through suitable channels in the casing. The number of stud bolts is unimportant and,

for convenience, six stud bolts are illustrated. Each stud 2,875,988 Patented Mar. 3, 1959 ice bolt 21 has head 22 and nut 23. Suitable washers are used and means may be provided for preventing the nuts from loosening under vibration.

End plate 11 has tapped air inlet recess 25 preferably at the center ofthe end plate. This however is unimportant. Tapped recess 25 is adapted to accommodate pipe fitting 27 therein and has blind end 26.

Radially disposed in end plate 11 are a number of bores 30 which extend from blind end 26 of the inlet opening outwardly within the wall of end plate 11. For convenience, the present construction illustrates three such openings. This number may be varied. Preferably the various radial portions are symmetrically disposed with respect to the inlet opening. This symmetrical disposition however is not essential since balance is not desired.

Radial openings 30 may be provided in any suitable manner such as by drilling from the outer edge of end plate 11. The outer ends of passages 30 may be tapped to accommodate small screws 32 for sealing the passages against leakage of air. The outer ends of these passages may be plugged by other means such as for example, brazing or driving soft pins into them.

Casing 10 is provided with longitudinal channels 34 registering with radial passages 30 in the end plate. Channels 34 are drilled along the wall of the casing and will register with radial passages 30 in the end plate. Each casing passage 34 extends for a desired distance from end face 18 of the casing and communicates with inwardly directed passages 36. As is illustrated in Figure 2, inwardly directed passages 36 do not extend radially but are generally tangentially inclined with reference to a rotor within the casing. The direction of inclination of passages 36 will be the direction of rotation of the rotor. Each passage 36 will have its end sealed as by a screw 38 engaging threads in the end of the passage.

As illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, each passage 38 has a tip portion 40 reduced in diameter, this tip portion being at the inward end of each passage. Thus passage 36 and tip 40 provide a jet for directing a blast of compressed air. It will be noted that jet tip 40 occurs at inside casing surface 14 adjacent annular edge 16.

Rotatably disposed within casing 10 is rotor generally indicated by 42. Rotor 42 consists of body portion 43, support portions 44 and 45 and shaft portions 46 and 47.

Shaft portions 46 and 47 are disposed within bearings 48 and 49, here illustrated as ball bearings with suitable inner and outer raceways. Such ball bearing assemblies are readily available. Ball bearing assemblies 48 and 49 are disposed within collar portions 51 and 52. Collar portions 51 and 52 are suitably shouldered at 53 and 54 to position the ball bearings. In the case of collar portion 51, end plate 11 is suitably machined to receive the collar and collar portion 51 has a shoulder portion which bears against end face 18 of casing 10. Suitable gaskets 56 are provided between the end plate and the casing at apertures 34 for preventing leakage of air. Ball bearings 48 and 49 include retainer rings 57 and 58 for maintaining the same in position.

In the case of end plate 12, an additional cover plate 60 is provided for the outside face of end plate 12, cover plate 60 being maintained by studs 21. Cover plate 60 has air discharge aperture 61 registering with air dis-charge channel 62 through end plate 12.

Returning to rotor 42, body 43 has central portion 64 cutout and shaped to provide a plurality of buckets or turbine blade surfaces 65. Region 64 for the turbine buckets straddles annular edge 16 of the casing. Thus one part of the region out of which the buckets are formed is disposed within inner surface 15 while the remainder of this region is disposed within inner surface 14. The exact shape of buckets 65 and the number thereof may vary.

the curve of the buckets the direction of blast from nozzles that the more metal that is"removed"from one part of the rotor, the greater will be'the. unbalance for rotation. Compressed air at a suitable pressure such as for example" 100 pounds per square inch, may be supplied at fitting 27. This air rushes through the various passages 'tojets 40' and impinges upon'rotor blades 65. The jets .a'redirected' toward one side of each rotor blade'and the curved surface of the rotor' directs the air so lines indicate the passage of air at the buckets and after leaving the buckets within surface 15.

. In order to reduce the back All of the wear is localized in the two bearings and these may be readily replaced when necessary. The vibrator as a whole may be readily clamped by straps of semi-circular jaws and attached to a concrete mold for tamping the wet concrete.

Referring to Figure 8, a modified rotor construction is illustrated wherein instead of passages 68 and 69 through angular range of about 180 with reference to the rotor axis. Thus the construction illustrated in Figure 8 is roughly equivalent to having passages. 68 and 69 merged into one recess on one side of the body and another recess on the other side of the body.

For convenience, recesses 75 and 76 willhave a constantwidth (dimension along the radius of the rotor). This-would be equivalent to having passages 68 and 69 of the same diameter and merged with the passages blocked at the center of the rotor. Thus the rotor is mechanically strong and can withstand the stresses.

What is claimed is: V

1. A vibrator comprising a casing of a length of heavy walled steel pipe, said casing having a plurality of blind dered sleeves at each end of said casing, each sleeve having disposed on the'inside thereof a b'all'bearin'g race assembly, said shouldered sleeves cooperating with the ends of the casing to properly position said sleeves and limit the movement of said sleeves toward each other, each sleeve having the inside thereof shouldered to permit the withdrawal of a ball bearing race assembly only by moving the same away from each other, the sleeve shoulders limiting said ball bearing assemblies to predetermined positions, an unbalanced rotor having a wheel portion within the casing, said wheel portion having turbine blades formed in the outer surface thereof for cooperation with the air jets issuing from the inside surface of said casing, said rotor having relativelymassive hub portions immediately adjacent the wheel portion, each hub portion having a reduced adjacent shaft portion extending into and rotatively supported by each ball bearing race assembly, a first end plate adjacent onelend of saidcasing, said end plate having a centrallydisposed recess extending from the outer face axially of the ro tor and having a blind "end, said end plate having air supply passages extending outwardly from said blind end of said recess toward the edge ofsaid plate, said plate having connecting passages extending perpendicularly from the outer end of each air supply plate passage to the outside face and adapted to register with the recesses for said casing, a second end plate being disposed at the other end of said casing, the sleeve and end plate at the other end of the casing having exhaust passages therethrough connecting the interior of said casing to the region outside taining said sleeves, and plates and casing in predetermined assembled relation.

2. The construction according to claim 1 wherein the interior of said casing is enlarged by reducing the wall thickness from the other end of said casing to that part adjacent the turbine blades.

3. The construction according to claim 1 wherein the first end plate is disposed immediately against the one end of the casing and wherein the second end plate is disposed against the end of the adjacent sleeve, said lastnamed adjacent sleeve abutting against the other end of said casing and wherein the means for maintaining said sleeves, end plates and casing in assembled relation comprise elongated studs passing through registering apertures References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,346,221 Liedtke July 13, 1920 2,501,158 Chilcott Mar. 21, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS 516,458- Belgium Jan. 15, 1953 

